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Tierce opposition contre un jugement d’adoption : confirmation du délai de prescription de 30 ans
Par un arrêt du 4 février 2026 (Cass. civ. 1ère, 4 février 2026, n°24-15.881), la Cour de cassation apporte une précision importante concernant les voies de recours ouvertes contre un jugement d’adoption et le régime de prescription applicable.
Un jugement d’adoption simple avait été prononcé en 1996. En 2019, la fille biologique de l’adoptant a formé une tierce opposition, estimant que cette adoption portait atteinte à ses droits, notamment successoraux.
La Cour d’appel avait déclaré son action irrecevable comme prescrite, en appliquant le délai de dix ans prévu en matière de filiation par les articles 321 et 324 du Code civil.
La Cour de cassation censure ce raisonnement : les règles de prescription propres aux actions relatives à la filiation ne s’appliquent pas aux jugements d’adoption.
La tierce opposition contre un jugement d’adoption relève de l’article 586 du Code de procédure civile, qui prévoit un délai de trente ans courant à compter du jugement.
24/02/2026
Droit de la famille,
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Source : Le Mag Juridique
